CHAPTER 17

Music of the Flute
As the sun rose, a gentle breeze laden with fragrance of
opening lotus flowers began to blow and the cowherds and cattle
with Krishna and Rama entered the forest playing on their flutes.
The thrilling notes reached far in the crisp morning air. The village
girls, the gopis could not rest. They saw Krishna dressed like a
dancer with peacock feathers stuck in his crown and necklaces
of pearls and priceless gems around his neck. His coral lips blowing
while the nimble fingers glided over the flute, heavenly music filled
hill and dale with thrilling notes. All nature stood still. Cows stared
with open eyes and upright ears forgot to chew, the gopis swooned
almost and nature throbbed. Said one gopi,
These eyes have nothing better to see
Than the faces of Rama and Krishna
Casting gracious glances and twirling
The lotus flowers by their stems.
O! Gopis, what great merit we must have earned
That we bask in the melody of the flute
Even trees drip with tears of joy
This Brindavan is surely blessed O! sisters
To be trod upon by Krishna’s feet
Even the rocky cliffs, exude colourful tears
Sk 10. Ch 21 - Slokam 1
And the peacocks drunk with delight
Dance, with all their might non stop
Their glorious feathers full spread.
Blessed are the does! With half chewed grass
They look at Krishna with love lit eyes
The celestial damsels from their aerial cars
Shower flowers plucked from Indra’s heaven
And these birds that flit from branch to branch
Are surely the sages of yore singing the Lord’s exploits
And see how waves of Yamuna
With graceful hands gather the flowers
And places them at Krishna’s feet.
This Govardhan mountain is most blessed
As it bears the imprint of Krishna’s feet
And echoes and re-echoes with the music of the flute.
Karthiyayani Penance
It was late autumn, the wind was blowing cold. The gopi
maidens would get up much before sunrise and clasping one
another and singing about Krishna they would go to the river
Yamuna and bathe. Then, making images of Devi-Karthiyayani
they would pray
Karthiyayani Maha Maye Maha Yogini! Dispenser of all
boons
Grant us as our Lord, Krishna
Son of Nanda Gopa
Salutations to Thee Great Goddess!
Deign to accept these flowers and sweets.
And they would return before sunrise to their homes shivering
with cold all the time. They worshipped like this for a full month
and on the concluding day laid their dress on the bank as usual
and entered the river. Krishna, Lord of all yogis, was aware of
this and decided to test their devotion for the benefit of the world.
With his jovial companions he took away all their clothes and
climbing up a neem tree took a seat among its branches. The
maidens finished their bath and came to the bank to take up their
clothes . But to their consternation the clothes were missing looking
up they saw Krishna and companions high up among the branches
with the clothes piled up near them. Krishna said.
“Come here O! maidens and receive your clothes!
I am not joking! I have never told an untruth
Before and I am not telling one now.
Hearing this, the maidens already immersed neck deep in
water and shivering with cold replied
Dear Lord! most charming prince, we are your servants
You know Dharma and we shiver with cold
Pray give us our clothes
“If you are my servants” said the Lord
“Come here and take your clothes”
At this the girls giggled and hiding their body
As best they could, came out slowly
And the lord placed their clothes on their shoulders
And said “By entering this holy river without clothes
You displeased the gods. Hence this punishment.”
The gopis put on their dresses but still would not go. They
remained rooted as it were, and were stealing bashful glances.
Krishna divined their thoughts and said “I am aware of your desires
O! maidens. It is proper and approved by me. Love directed to
me cannot sprout like parched grain. It will be only like reunion of
the sparks back into the flame. Depart now. I will fulfill your desire
before long”.
One day Krishna and the cowherd boys went deeper into
the forest enjoying the cool shade under the tall trees. “O! Krishna,
look at these majestic trees. They give us shelter in rain and shade
in summer. We make sweet smelling oils and medicines from their
barks and leaves. They give freely timber for our houses and fuel
for fire in winter. How gracious they are! They give all these
unasked just as good men give their wealth freely to the needy.
Glorious indeed is the life of these trees!” Talking like this they
reached the banks of Yamuna and quenched their thirst with its
sparkling cool water.
Salvation of the Brahmin Women
After quenching their thirst the boys began to feel the pangs
of hunger “O! Rama O! Krishna! We are so hungry! It is nearly
noon”. The all knowing Krishna knew also about the devotion of
the brahmin women and desirous of giving them salvation spoke
thus to his hungry companions. “ A short distance from here some
learned brahmins are conducting an yagna (sacrificial worship)
called Angirasam for attaining heaven. There will be great feasting.
Go there, announce our presence and that we are hungry and beg
for food in our name”. The gopas gladly obeyed and hurrying to
the yagnasala, with great humility said “O! Venerable Brahmins!
Rama and Krishna hungry and tired after grazing the flock have
sent us to you asking for food.” The brahmins kept quiet as if they
did not hear and the disappointed gopas sadly reported their failure
.Gently smiling Krishna replied. “ No matter, go again. This time
to the brahmin women and announce our need. The gopas implicitly
obeying approached the ladies and said, “O! revered ladies, Krishna
and his companions have come here. They are very tired and
hungry and resting a little distance away and would be glad to get
some food.” The brahmin ladies who had heard of Krishna’s
exploits and that he was God himself got excited and in great
haste gathered victuals and delicacies in beautiful plates and rushed
out like streams rushing to meet the ocean. Brushing aside all
obstructions from brothers and husbands they rushed headlong
.They saw Krishna and Balarama strolling on the river bank
twirling a lotus, a fascinating smile lighting up their faces and
surrounded by the gopas. Dark blue like the rain bearing cloud,
attired in golden brocade, and peacock’s feathers stuck jauntily in
the headgear, one arm thrown on the shoulders of a friend Krishna
looked like an actor and smiling said,
Fortunate ladies! What can I do for you
You have done the correct thing
For, I am the self of all
Because of me, your mind
Self, children and husbands are dear.
You are blessed. Now return
To your husbands and help them
To complete the yagna as ordained
The poor ladies were downcast. “Lord, our husbands and
brothers may not receive us.” But Krishna assured them. “They
will surely welcome you back as they have already forgotten this
episode. ”Thus assured the housewives returned. But one poor
woman who had been forcibly prevented from going attained
realization and was found dead.
Thus, Krishna and his friends dined well and were refreshed
and returned by evening to Brindavan. The brahmins conducting
the yagna (sacrificial worship) were now repentant, “Alas! what
fools have we been! Our learning has lead us astray. Even when
the Lord came in person, we turned him away in ignorance. May
he forgive us this fault. But blessed are we because of our good
women, surely Lord will pardon us for their sake!”.
Preparation for the Indra Yagna
Balarama and Krishna observed that the gopas, especially
the elders were busy with preparations for a great sacrificial
worship. They knew what it was for; still with great humility they
asked, “Respected elders! We have been noticing these
preparations. Pray, for what is it done and to please which
deity!”And the elders replied. “This is our annual tribute to Lord
Indra who rules in heaven and controls the clouds. At his command
the clouds release life giving rain. The trees bear fruits and grass
grows everywhere. Our cows graze happily and we live because
of our cows. All this is due to Indra and so we worship Indra by
returning to him as sacrifice a little of the wealth we enjoy.”
Krishna listened with great respect. But did not agree. “Our wealth
and prosperity is due to our own actions. A man is born in a
particular circumstance because of his past karma and passes
away according to his actions now. If anything, we should rather
worship this Govardhan mountain which sustains us and our cattle.
With all respect to you our elders, I suggest that we worship this
mountain”.
The elders paused. This Krishna was no ordinary child. He
had done super human things; saved them too many times. They
decided to offer the sacrifice to Govardhan as he advised.
The gopas and gopis dressed in their best and carrying
vessels of milk. ghee and curds began to circumambulate
Govardhan. Great was their surprise to see Krishna standing at
the top of the Govardhan like a colossus receiving the offerings
with outstretched hands.
Lifting of Govardhan
Indra, Lord of heaven saw that the sacrifices meant for
him were prevented by a mere cowherd boy. He became furious
and ordered the clouds to do their best or rather their worst to
teach the gopas a lesson. “I myself mounted on my royal elephant
Iravatham will watch the operation.” Thus prodded the clouds
from all quarters gathered and mounted a heavy assault on
Brindavan. The thunder rolled and burst with a heavy downpour
of rain. Continuous lightning lighted up the skies. Houses and
haystacks were flying in the sky. Hail stones pelted without mercy.
“Protect us O Krishna we seek refuge in you”! And the Lord
said. “Do not be afraid.. I know that all this is caused by the
proud Indra who is unfit to be a guardian of the world. Enter this
cave, all of you, with the flock”. So saying, Krishna lifted the
mountain Govardhan trees and all high above his head as a boy
lifts a mushroom. The gopas with all their families and flocks
trooped in safe. The heavy down pour continued for seven days
and now the wind abated. The clouds had become fleecy and
white. Indra had failed and fell down full length on the ground
begging for mercy which was o f course granted. When all had
gone out Krishna gently replaced the mountain in its former place.
Divinity Realized
All doubts were now removed . As a child, only a few days
old did he not suck the life out of Poothana the rakshasi as time
draws out life out of men. As the cart fell on him did he not with
his tiny feet hit it shattering it to pieces. He killed the demons who
came in the form of a crane and a python and how he danced on
the hood of Kaliya serpent and lo! He lifted this mountain holding
it aloft as a boy holds a rose by its stalk and O! Nanda how is it
that we are attracted by an irresistible love towards your son and
he too feels an indescribable love towards us all. Nanda replied.
“O! Gopas ! have no more doubts about this boy.
I shall tell you what Garga told of yore
He was of three colours in the three yugas
Pure white at first, then red, then yellow
And now he has assumed that blue black tint
In earlier births too he was Vasudeva’s son
And hence is known as Vaasudeva
He has many names, this son of yours
I know them all, though you may not
He will bring renown to all gopas
All ye fortunate ones! Who love this wonder child
Will have no enemies even as they that love Narayana
No need for wonder any more. This child is the same as
Narayana”
May the Lord who saved the gopas so many times
Save us too, his worshippers.
Krishna’s Abishek Or Holy Bath
At that moment Surabhi ,Kamadhenu, the heavenly cow
appeared and said, “O! Krishna I have been sent by Brahma to
worship you., as the Lord of Govardhan, Govinda the supreme
lord. ” Surabhi from her udders rained milk on him while
Iravatham ,Indra’s mount, drenched him with ganges water and
devas and gopas danced around hailing him as “Govinda!
Govinda!” Then the earth overflowed with plenty. The trees flush
with sap put forth new sprouts and flowers and even cruel animals
became meek and tame. Indra returned to his abode a chastened
and wiser god.
Revelation of Vaikunta
Once, Nanda after fasting on ekadashi and keeping vigil ,
got up too early next day and went out to bathe in the river. This
was not proper, as it was the time allotted to demons and a demon
follower of Varuna (god of the sea) took him to the sea world.
The gopas raised a hue and cry. Varuna, realizing his mistake,
apologized and treated Nanda with great respect. With many
precious gifts and sincere apologies Varuna returned Nanda to
Krishna and the gopas. Nanda gave a glowing account of the
treasurers of the sea world and of his reception. The gopas were
now certain that Krishna was the supreme Lord of all the worlds
and Vaikunta as well and felt a desire to see Vaikunta. Nothing is
impossible to people who think that Krishna is their own. Krishna
was of course aware of this desire and decided to oblige his
devotees because of his great kindness.
That region which can only be described as sathyam (truth)
gnanam (knowledge) and anandam (pleasure endless beyond
reason) can be reached only by sages who have overcome the
gunas (sathva, rajas and tamas). The gopas after immersion in
the brahma lake reached there and saw their own Krishna being
hailed by the Vedas.
Raslila
Krishna now decided to enact the greatest of victories the
conquest of cupid for the benefit of mankind. With the help of his
attendant, Mahamaya (illusion) he made the forest bloom out of
season. It was autumn but the jasmine bloomed at night spreading
a seductive fragrance miles around. The silvery orb of the moon
hung in the sky flooding the river bank with his cooling rays and a
gentle breeze sprang up removing the weariness from all living
creatures . And Krishna took out his flute and began to play gently
at first but soon it gathered force and the thrilling notes seemed to
say, “O! All ye maidens gay, I wait here to play with you.
O! make haste, make haste!” The gopikas heard the thrilling note
and they could not stay still. Leaving their sleeping husbands, babies,
fathers, mothers they ran out not even caring to dress or adorn
themselves properly. One gopi had only one earring dangling
carelessly. Another put her bangles on her feet and the anklets on
her arms. Guided by the moonlight and the fireflies, they reached
the riverbank and saw the beloved form of Krishna dressed like a
dancer playing on the flute. He looked at them with a bewitching
look but his words were not so kind.
“Why have you left your husbands and elders? A woman
should not forsake her husband even if he is a thief or an addict.
Go back and attend on them if you want to go to heaven hereafter.”
The gopis were abashed but would not leave. “We have attained
the highest. Be merciful to your devotees. We want only to be the
hand maids of Sri Lakshmy who is always by your side!”. The
Lord could say no more and resumed the flute and dance and the
gopis too, now encouraged began to dance. But now they became
vain “Who is so lucky and happy as ourselves? Surely we are the
dearest and closest to him.” Krishna divined their thoughts and to
cure them of any vanity vanished all at once.
In their distress the gopis began to search for Krishna
following his footprints. “O! Jasmine O! Champak! O! Asoka!
You seem to dance and smile! Did Krishna touch you as he passed
this way? And you majestic trees! Surely you have seen our Lord!”
By the side of Krishna’s footprints they saw the footprints of a
lady also. “How lucky was this gopi whom Krishna selected for
this special favour!” And then the footprints were not seen. The
gopis surmised that the love struck Krishna had lifted her on his
shoulders! Before long, that special favourite Radha was seen
crying bitterly. She confessed that Krishna had offered to carry
her and had knelt down and when she was about to climb,
disappeared leaving her standing on one leg in the dense forest!.
The simple gopis immediately sympathized with her and took her
into their fold. As they could not think of anything else they began
to enact the childhood exploits of Krishna. One became Poothana
while another became the baby Krishna. One gopi pretended to
dance on the hood of the serpent Kaliya. Still another balanced an
imaginary Govardhan on her finger. Thoroughly exhausted, they
sat in a ring on the moonlit banks of river Yamuna and began to
sing or was it a cry?
The Song of The Gopis
“Your presence has made our village bloom
Because your consort ‘Sri’ has made it her abode
Have we not left our all for you
It is not meet, you leave us thus
When at eve you returned with the herds
Covered with dust; the blue curls waving
round your charming face and divine notes
from your flute, made us wait with baited breath
O! how we longed to kiss your tender feet
and wipe the dust away with tears
And now you have left us high and dry
O! Return soon and give us back our souls
You have enslaved!
Krishna would not prolong the agony any further. Actually
he was there only watching the game. He had gone behind a veil
drawn by his ever compliant Maha Maya and now as the dazzling
sun comes out from behind a cloud, he came out in full glory with
outstretched arms towards them. The gopikas were in thousands,
but each one thought the Lord was coming towards her. He had
assumed as many forms as there were gopis illustrating thereby
that he is within every living creature. They automatically formed
a ring one gopi and one Krishna . To the celestials above it seemed
a brilliant necklace of radiant pearls alternating with flashing blue
diamonds was slowly turning round . . Maharshis Sri Narada
and Tumburu now appeared tuning their veena. gandharvas with
their drums were keeping time and apsaras with their harps sang
and danced . And that doyen of dance, Lord Siva and the inimitable
Nandi the drummer and Maha Ganapathi and Sri Muruga on the
peacock joined the merry-go-round.. Thus they danced till the early
hours of dawn when the Lord bade them good bye and they
returned to their homes. The gopas, their husbands never missed
them at all, thinking the gopis were with them all the time.
We must pause and reflect on this. The Lord’s rasaleela
defeated the power of the god of love. The god of love now
accepted defeat. With all his attendants, the morning breeze, the
buzzing bees and beautiful women he had come to conquer and
he was conquered. He even wished that he was born as a woman,
as a gopi, so he could dance with Krishna. And in atonement
promised that anyone who reads this story without carping and
with devotion will be free from this malady of carnal love.
Sudarsana’s Salvation
Once, the gopas with their leaders Nanda and Upananda
repaired to Ambikavanam a place of pilgrimage on the banks of
the river Saraswathi. After bathing in the holy river they offered
puja and worship to Lord Pashupathi at the temple. They gave
many presents and cows to brahmins after feasting them and spent
the rest of the day in fasting and meditation. At dead of night,
when all were sleeping, a huge python caught hold of Nanda and
began to swallow him gradually. Nanda cried out, “O! Krishna,
Krishna save me!” The gopas attacked the serpent with flaming
torches without avail and then Krishna appeared and touched the
serpent with his foot. At once the serpent let go his hold and a
shining vidyadhara stood bowing in the air. The vidyadhara said,
“Lord! I am the chief of vidyadharas Sudarsana by name. Proud
of my beauty and gifts, I once mocked the holly rishis for their
crooked forms. In anger they cursed me to take this fearful
serpent’s form but the kind rishis added that at the expiration of
my sin, Lord Krishna would touch me with his feet and I would
regain my form. “The vidyadhara then bowed and returned to his
world while the gopas wondered at this one more instance of
Krishna’s power.
Sankhuchuda’s Salvation
Sankhuchuda a retainer of Kubera was unusually proud.
One day Balarama and Krishna were disporting themselves on
the moon lit banks of Yamuna with the gopis when Sankhuchuda
unable to control his jealousy forcibly seized a good many gopis
and rushed towards the forest with the shrieking women.
Requesting Balarama to look after the remaining gopis, Krishna
went out in hot pursuit. As Krishna gained upon the ruffian, he
lost heart and leaving the women fled for his life. However Krishna
caught up with him and with his discus cut off his head and
removed the precious jewel. Krishna gave the jewel to Balarama
who wore it as a pendant ever after.
Yugala Geethem
During day time when Krishna went to the forest to graze
the cows, the gopis unable to bear the separation assembled in
groups and began to sing about him two slokas each
O! Gopis when Krishna played on the flute
The cows and bulls with half chewed grass forget to eat
And listen with upright ears and glazed eyes
Like painted creatures on a canvas
The rivers slow down their speed
And eager to touch his feet
With wave like hands
Bearing sweet smelling garlands
Plants and tendrils wave their hands
And trees heavy laden with fruits
Bend their heads in adoration
As Krishna’s musical notes sweep over
And the bees hum in unison
The water fowls and cranes
Meditate in silent meditation
As the waves of flute pass over enveloping
The clouds kept time with a gentle roar
And let down drops like flowers
dropping from the sky,
As Krishna played on his flute
O! Yasoda! who taught your son
All these ups and downs and
divine combinations of notes
Surely he learnt all this himself
Thus did the gopis sing all day
Till evening when they spied
O! delight of the eyes! Krishna
Coming a - dancing with friends
Playing the flute all the time
Suffice it to say, the Gopis did not spend a moment without
thinking of Krishna and what is more, they could not.
The Death of Arishtasura the Ox Demon
One day, Arishtasura the ox demon and a friend of Kamsa,
approached Gokulam. He had assumed a frightening size, his hump
and horns almost touching the clouds. He bellowed and roared
sending shivers . With tale erect and lowered horns, he rushed at
the cowherds. The terrified cows fled in all directions. The
cowherds as usual implored, “Save us O Krishna! Krishna!” and
Krishna came to the rescue. He said, “ Stop! You wicked rakshasa.
Come against me if you dare,” The rakshasa of course dared and
charged at Krishna. Catching hold of his horns Krishna
forced him back on his haunches and lifting him whirled him round
and round and threw him The giant bull fell a hundred yards away
vomiting blood, and died .
The celestials showered flowers from above. The gopas
thanked their deliverer and retired for the night singing about this
latest exploit of the Lord.
Bhagavan Sri Narada Maharshi who could foresee events
clearly saw the approaching crisis and to hasten the deliverance
of the long suffering people came to Kamsa and addressed him
thus, “O! King of the Bhojas! Your great enemy Krishna has
arrived at Brindavan posing as Nanda’s son. Balarama his elder
brother is also Devaki’s son. The transfer operation was done by
Maha Maya your arch enemy.” On hearing this Kamsa shivered
with anger and fear. At once he summoned his great wrestlers,
Kesi, Mushtika and Chanura, “ O! My wrestlers all! It is time
now to prove your worth. Arrange a great wrestling match and
worship of the Shiva Dhanush. Let invitations be sent and festivities
be arranged”. And now Kamsa began his master plan. He
summoned Akrura a great devotee and follower of the yadus and
addressed him thus “My dear Akrura I know well about your
great loyalty to me. We are conducing a great Dhanur yaga and I
request you to invite the gopas and their chief Nanda to grace the
occasion with their presence along with their sons Balarama and
Krishna. Do this favour and I will be indebted to you ever after.”
Akrura was no fool. He suspected a ruse but knowing that Krishna
was god himself he undertook the mission . The royal chariot
beautifully bedecked and drawn by milk white horses was got
ready.
Kesi’s Death
Kesi was another demoniac follower of Kamsa. He assumed
the form of a demon horse of great size and pawing the ground
with his iron hoofs and loudly neighing all the time he descended
on the village and directly charged at Krishna. Krishna caught
him by his raised forelegs, swung him round. The demon fell a
hundred yards away but immediately sprang up and baring his
teeth with open mouth rushed again at Krishna. With bare hands
Krishna caught hold of it by the ears and thrust his hand up to the
elbow into its mouth. The demon horse felt that a red hot rod of
iron was being thrust down its throat. The iron teeth were knocked
out like ninepins . And in his death agony, dropping dung and urine,
expired rolling his eyes. The celestials from above showered
flowers and the gopas celebrated the event with dance and song.
Vyomasura The Magician
The merry cowherd boys were playing hide and seek near
the forest. Some pretended to be calves while others pretended to
be thieves trying to lift them. Vyomasura who was an adept
magician pretended that he was also a cattle lifter and began to
hide the calves in real earnest. Krishna observed this and pounced
on the demon like a lion and throttled him with ease.
CHAPTER 18

Akrura’s Vision
Akrura was immensely happy. He had heard of the advent
of Krishnas’s Avatar.” It is my good fortune that I am selected
for this errand. I shall behold the glorious form of Sri Krishna.
The Lord will not suspect me. Is He not the all knowing Lord who
resides in the heart of all and therefore knows their innermost
secrets ! He will look at me kindly and raise me gently when I fall
down at his feet. Krishna knows all.”
It was evening when his chariot approached the village.
The cows were returning. On the ground Akrura saw the brother’s
footprints ,bearing the divine marks like the conch, the lotus.
A little further he saw them. One was blue like a sapphire mountain
and the other dazzling white like a peak of snow Akrura jumped
from the chariot and prostrated before them. Krishna gently lifted
him and led him inside. They washed his feet, offered light
refreshments, and began to fan him.
Krishna gently said “O Akrura we know you are our friend
but our poor clansmen at Mathura, how do they fare?” Akrura
replied” O Lord ! What shall I say ? They live in fear. What
mercy can we expect from a king who killed his own nephews”
Thus they talked far into the night . Akrura announced the purpose
of his visit. And Krishna promised to accompany him and redress
the wrongs.
Akrura rose early and got ready the chariot. Nanda had
announced earlier that all able bodied men should get ready to go
to Mathura with the annual tribute of ghee and curds. Now they
Sk10. Ch 38 - Slokam 1
were also ready with their bullock carts.
The gopis seeing all this felt sad “O sisters, Krishna is
leaving. He may not return. How can we forgo the sight of
Krishna’s radiant face and smile which can remove the sufferings
of the world! The chariot is leaving with Krishna and Rama Our
elders are keeping quiet. Will we see them again !” And unable
to control their feelings they sobbed aloud. Krishna observed
this and said “Dear gopis, You will be always dearest to me.
I shall come again” The gopis continued to look at the fast receding
chariot till they were seen no more and returned with a heavy
heart.
Akrura then guided the chariot towards Mathura along the
road parallel to river Yamuna. After driving for some time he parked
it in a shady grove. They drank the water from Yamuna. Krishna
and Balarama were seated on the chariot. and Akrura went to the
river for a ceremonial bath. He repeated the gayathri manthra,
meditated on God and immersed himself in the river.
Akrura had a splendid vision. He saw the great coiled
serpent Adisesha with a thousand hoods sparkling with jewels and
Vishnu taking rest under the hood. Wearing golden silk garments
and a jewelled crown he was beyond description . A high forehead
fringed with curls, an aquiline nose and lotus eyes that beamed
compassion, ever smiling lips, a broad chest on which sparkled
the precious kausthubham, and the long powerful hands supple
like an elephant’s trunk bore divine weapons like the conch, discus,
club, as well as the graceful lotus. Around him were Brahma,
Siva, the Seven Sages, the deities representing the Sidhis, Sri Devi
and Mahamaya. Maharshis Sri Narada and Thumburu were there
playing on the veena. Vishnu and Adisesha looked very much
like Krishna and Balarama. Akrura was stunned. Was it an
illusion? How could Krishna and Balarama come under water.
He rose from the water and looked at the bank. No ! They were
there He immersed once more. Again he saw them as Vishnu
and Adisesha. It was now clear. These two youths were actually
MahaVishnu, Lord of the universe and Adisesha his companion!.
He began to praise the Lord.
Akrura’s Hymn
I bow to Thee, the first cause
From whom Brahma was born
Who created this motley world
It’s seas, the sky, the shining orbs
and stars, the air and the earth
that swarms with living creatures big and small
Moved by senses which have their origin in Prakriti
Which again was created by you
Even Brahma does not know you in full
But sages know you by insight
And worship you, the embodiment of all wisdom
As rivers of diverse origin merge in the ocean
Different faiths must merge in you
Fire is thy face, Earth thy feet, Sky thy body
The quarters thy ears . The trees and plants
are also yourself O! Krishna and Balarama
Salutations to you again and again
You live in all and all find refuge in you
I have found you! O! Save me! Save me!
Krishna withdrew unto himself all these visions
As an actor withdraws from the stage
And asked “Akrura! You look dazed
“Did you see any wonder ! “ And Akrura said
“Lord! What greater wonder than this
That You exist in every thing around
And they exist in you and you alone
So saying Akrura slowly drove the chariot towards Mathura.
Krishna In Mathura
As they slowly entered the outskirts they observed the
people standing in groups talking in excitement. They had heard
about the great exploits of the brothers and now feasted their
eyes looking at their glorious forms. Akrura requested them to
visit and sanctify his house but Krishna said “ Not yet Akrura! I
must first free the city from the tyrant and shall enjoy your
hospitality later. Meanwhile allow us to get acquainted with the
sights of the city by ourselves”. Akrura reluctantly withdrew and
informed Kamsa also about their arrival.
Next morning the brothers rose early; finished their morning
ablutions and set out with their friends to see the city. It was a
great city .. The streets were broad, well paved and straight,
fringed by stately mansions on either side. Avenue trees lent shade
and brightness at the same time with their flame coloured blossoms.
Though a tyrant, Kamsa was also a great builder. There was no
ramshackle building anywhere. The citizens seemed to have an
inkling of the Lord’s arrival, for the front courtyards were
decorated with flowers and garlands and shining brass-vessels
heaped with golden corn. Incense was burning and though it was
morning rows of lighted lamps were burning in honour of the
visitors. Along the wide road sprinkled with scented water there
were blooming gardens in beautiful patterns. The roads curved
past then in graceful curves.
The brothers themselves were seen coming, almost
dancing it seemed , bringing delight and hope to all lucky enough
to be looking at them. The ladies crowded the terraces and
windows to shower flowers on these two gods. “O! sisters! What
great merit those gopis have acquired , who had Krishna to play
with, all these years!” They stood unable to take their eyes away
from these young gods.
Further Adventures
A washer man was approaching with his attendants carrying
bundles of dyed garments. Krishna called out “Ho! ! Dear man!
Give us some of these clothes. You will be greatly rewarded!”
But the fellow rudely retorted “ These are meant for our king
Kamsa. How dare you. Run, Run away if you want to save your
lives”. At these insolent words Krishna just extended his arm and
knocked his head. The terrified followers threw down their bundles
and vanished. The gopas untied the bundles and found them full
of beautifully dyed costly garments. The brothers now dressed
themselves with appropriate garments, Krishna selecting gold
coloured clothes and Balrama blue and distributed the rest among
the gopas. Thus dressed as if for a drama the group moved on.
Now there came along a garland maker Sudama by name. He
was thrilled at the sight of Bhagavan Krishna and placed his big
basket before them. Krishna chose a vaijayanthimala while
Balarama selected a garland of blue lotuses and in return he was
given a divine form, good health and life long prosperity. The
cowherd boys also adorned themselves with flowers and garlands.
The party moved on and the delighted bystanders shouted, “Jai
Krishna, Jai Balarama”.
The Episode Of The Crooked Sundari
They marched forward like conquerors entering a town and
observed a young woman crooked and bent but still beautiful and
coming towards them carrying a big silver vessel containing sweet
smelling unguents. Krishna looked at her and knew that her body
alone was crooked and that her mind was simple and straight.
Looking at her eager upturned face Krishna said, “O! Sundari!
What are you carrying in that vessel”?
The young woman looking up said, “O! Sundara (Handsome
one) I am Kamsa’s hand maid carrying these scents to him”.
“And will you give us some?” asked Krishna and the woman
replied, “ Give? Why if not to you, to whom else will I give”?
Pleased with her simplicity Krishna stepped forward. With his toe
he stepped on her foot and with his two fingers under her chin
gave her a lift. She stood up straight a very beautiful young
woman !. Krishna smiled and turned to leave but she held him by
his dress and pleaded, “Lord! do not leave me !” Casting a smiling
look at Balarama , Krishna said, “My dear lady, I have very
important work to do. After accomplishing it I shall come to your
house”. The lady left content and the brothers and friends resumed
their march.
Dhanur Yagna
They found people going in one direction only and on enquiry,
were told that a great yagna called Dhanur Yagna or worship of
the great bow of Lord Shiva was being conducted. Accordingly
the gopas too wended their way thither . The bow was kept for
public worship in a decorated hall and elderly Brahmins were
intoning the great Rudra Japam. The brothers with their followers
also entered the hall and with great reverence circumambulated
the huge iron bow touching it with their forehead and prayed with
folded hands. Krishna raised the mighty bow and stringed it and
pulled the string. The bow snapped in two with a terrific noise
that reached the quarters. Kamsa heard it too and trembled. The
guardians of the bow rushed upon the brothers with uplifted
weapons but were easily beaten back.. Other soldiers rushed in
but they too were brushed aside. The ground was soon littered
with the wounded. Kamsa heard the news. The tyrant knew that
his hour had come.
With the approach of evening Krishna and companions
withdrew and after a wholesome meal of rice boiled in milk retired
to rest .Thinking over the exciting events of the day they fell
asleep. They rose with the sun, had their morning ablutions; prayed
to the rising sun and resumed the march.
With Kamsa it was a different story. He could not sleep
well. He was troubled by bad dreams. He saw his headless trunk
in his reflection in the mirror. Smeared with oil and stark naked
he was riding on a donkey. Skeletons danced around him.
Springing from his bed he snatched his sword and fenced with
an imaginary enemy. Owls hooted ominously all night and in the
morning jackals howled. Beads of perspiration ran down his
cheeks. But he was a kshatriya and a warrior. Orders were
forthwith issued that the celebrations should begin. Citizens
were welcomed and seated in the galleries around the arena. The
royal Nagara -a drum- sounded. Children whistled. Formidable
wrestlers entered slapping their thighs, Krishna, Balarama and
the gopas were nearing the entrance. A particularly huge elephant
was blocking their way. “Ho! Mahout!” They shouted, “Keep your
elephant out of the way!” In reply the mahout urged the huge
tusker forward. It was already in ruts and when goaded by the
mahout it rushed madly at Krishna who promptly stepped aside.
The tusker immediately turned round and got Krishna with his
trunks. But Krishna easily slipped down and placed himself under
its belly. It sensed Krishna and turned round ; Krishna. caught
hold of the tail and drew it twenty yards as a playful child
sometimes drags a calf for fun. Seeing Krishna in front of it for a
second the tusker rushed and tried to ram him down between
its tusks. Krishna again was too nimble and moved out just in
time. The elephant pierced the ground with its tusks and could
not pull out for some time. Krishna gave a mighty blow on it’s
forehead. The elephant reeled and fell dead. Placing one foot on
its forehead, Krishna pulled out the tusks dripping blood. Krishna
shouldered one tusk, giving the other to Balarama and thus armed
the brothers entered the arena. They evoked different feelings in
the onlookers.
To the wrestlers they looked like lightning incarnate
The ladies saw them as kings among men and as
the very personification of the god of love.
His own clansmen saw them as two of themselves
And tyrants saw them as avengers come to chastise
Kamsa could see only death approaching
While the realized yogis saw the embodiment of truth.
They advanced to the immense delight of the citizens. The
people talked to one another about the fabulous exploits of these
divine youths; how they were reputed to be avatars of the great
Lord and Adisesha come to deliver the earth.
Chanura and Mushtika were already going through the mock
fight. Said Chanura, “We have heard that you are good wrestlers.
Let us give an exhibition before the king. He will give us presents”.
Krishna replied, “We are but youngsters not even grown to full
form, we would rather play with youngsters of our own age”.
Chanura retorted, “O! No! Have you not killed the great elephant
(Kuvalayapeedam) which had the strength of a thousand
elephants?” And the fight started; Chanura with Krishna and
Mushtika with Balarama. They circled round and round and
clashed like eagles hitting the divine youths with their iron fists.
The women fainted and even the elders murmured, “This is an
unfair match, where huge wrestlers are pitted against fragile
youths. When injustice is done elders should either protest or stop
it or at least leave the place”. So saying they began to leave but
by now things began to change. The youngsters were rallying.
The giants were rolling on the ground with Krishna and Balarama
on top fisting them ferociously . They began to vomit blood and
rolled up their eyes quite dead. The brothers of the dead wrestlers
Sala and Tosala rushed into the fray and Balrama killed them easily.
There was uproar in the stands. The people, long
suppressed, now shouted without restraint. Kamsa from his throne
began to issue vain orders, “Bind them! Kill them! Kill Vasudeva
and Ugrasena my father!” Grasping his sword he was about to
spring but Krishna was upon him and threw him down. As he
lay on the ground Krishna with the whole weight of the world in
him stood on his chest. Kamsa was dying! Now he saw Krishna
in his real form as Sri Hari with his garlands, crowned and
bejewelled with four hands carrying the usual insignia and a smiling
face that promised salvation even to sinners. And the onlookers
saw a wonderful spectacle A glorious lustre emerged from Kamsa
and slowly merged into Krishna. Kamsa had attained salvation
Krishna hastened to the prison and fell down at the feet of
his parents Vasudeva and Devaki, “O Father, Mother, we were
deprived of your caresses and kind words in our infancy by a
cruel fate, and we too were unable to serve you. Pray excuse
us”. Vasudeva and Devaki were speechless, choked by tears
and just embraced their sons. Krishna continued, “Our grandfather
Ugrasena will be king and with our support even the guardians of
the earth will come and make obeisance before him.” There was
great rejoicing and week long celebrations. The gopas had a gala
day and they were the honoured guests. They were now preparing
to return. Krishna and Balarama sadly said, “Dear father and
friends you have caressed and taken care of us in our helpless
childhood. How can we ever repay you for all this kindness. When
we have finished our education and put things in order we shall
again come to touch your feet and mothers’ and the elders’.”
With moist eyes they touched the feet of the elders and the gopas
returned with a heavy heart.
The Brothers At Sandipani Ashram
Vasudeva, now invited brahmins for the proper initiation of
his sons into brahmacharya and then sent them to a gurukula ashram
conducted by Santipani maharshi at Avanti. The two brothers were
exemplary students and easily mastered all the shastras and martial
arts. At the conclusion, they respectfully approached the Acharya
to give gurudakshina. The guru’s wife who had felt the divinity
of the disciples said, “ Dear husband! these disciples of your’s
are divine beings. Kindly ask them to bring back our son who was
lost in the sea at Prabasa some years ago”. Accordingly Santipani
maharshi requested them to bring his son back as gurudakshina.
The two brothers at once drove in their chariot to Prabasa. The
god of the seas immediately appeared with costly gifts and pleaded,
“Lord! The boy was not taken by me but by the rakshasa
Panchajana who in the shape of a conch is residing at the bottom
of the sea. At once the two brothers dived into the sea and killed
the demon but the boy was not there. Next they went to
Samyamani the land of the dead where Yama ruled and blew the
conch. Yama the great dispenser of justice appeared with presents
and asked with great respect, “Lord! What can I do for you?”
Krishna said. “You have brought our guru Sandipani maharshi’s
son here some years back. Bring him back now”. The boy grown
older now was brought back. Krishna and Balarama taking the
boy in their chariot returned to earth and presented the boy to the
delighted parents. Words cannot describe the joy of the old guru.
Standing up with both hands raised he blessed his disciples, “May
your desires be fulfilled and may you never forget what you have
learned and be able to remember them when most required and
may you become proficient in whatever is left unlearned either”.
Udhava And The Gopis
Udhava, prominent among the vrishnis was about Krishna’s
age and size and a great friend. He had his education under the
devaguru Brihaspathy himself and everyone thought he was wise
beyond his years and probably thought so himself. He found
Krishna somewhat sad and to cheer him up he said, “O Krishna,
you are so wise and great and we know you are an incarnation of
Sri Hari himself. Why are you sad?” Krishna replied, “O Udhava,
when I remember my devoted gopis who abandoning their homes
elders and even children came rushing to me and danced the whole
night even unmindful of social norms my heart melts. Go to them
dear Udhava, with my message that I have never left them and
shall come to them before long”. Udhava was intrigued and
wanted to see these gopis and agreed to go.
Accordingly the next day he drove in a well appointed
chariot, reaching the village late in the evening. Everyone was
busy. The cows were being milked. The sound of milking the
shouting of the cowherds calling the cows by their names, running
after the calves, driving away the bellowing bulls - all these sounds
filled the air. Inside the houses, bells were ringing and the perfume
of burning incense filled the air. It was the time for worship. Hymns
in praise of god were being sung loudly . Udhava got down before
Nandagopa’s house. Nandagopa warmly welcomed him and
embracing lead him in. He was seated comfortably. Nandagopa
then enquired.
“O! Dear one! Is our friend Vasudeva’s son well?
He is now in the midst of friends and relatives
By great good fortune Kamsa is dead
His own sins killed him. He hated the good yadus
And drove them out
Does Krishna remember us,
His mother and his friends?
The gopas and this Vraja itself
The gentle cows or Brindavan itself
With its ponds and verdant hills?
Will Krishna come again?
O! When can we see his high forehead
And gracious eyes and graceful nose
Those mirror like cheeks and smiling mouth
He saved us from forest fire and heavy floods
From the fierce serpent and death in other forms
And when we remember his wondrous deeds
His words, laughter, jokes and side long looks
O! Udhava, this poor heart breaks!
And when we see these meadows
And lawns sanctified by his feet
The mind flies back to that time
I think, Krishna and Rama are verily gods
Come here to fulfill the wishes of the devas
And Nanda could speak no more, choked by feelings
And Yasoda could only weep, tears coming in floods
Such intense devotion Udhava had never seen and said
“You are the most blessed among mortals
As you are so attached to Krishna, the soul of all
These two sons of yours are the seeds of the universe
Thinking of them even at the time of death
One attains the eternal splendour.
You both have fixed your mind on them
What else remains for you to reach
Ere long, they will come here again
As he promised at the ring after Kamsa’s death
Do not be cast down, O! you fortunate ones
You will shortly see Krishna again,
He is already in you as fire is inside the fuel
He loves not anyone in particular or hate either
He does not consider anyone high or low
Or as equal and unequal; has neither
mother, father, nor wife nor sons,
He creates the gunas and with them
Makes this world of strange mixtures and opposites
And entering them, plays many parts.
Thus they spent the whole night talking
Till early dawn, when the gopis rose
And lighted the lamps and began churning
The big pans of curds, singing hymns
About Krishna all the while and his wondrous deeds
The scent and sound of curds spread far and wide
Dispelling all inauspicious things
And when it was light, they came out
And saw the chariot, golden domed
Parked in front of Nanda’s house!
The gopis saw the chariot. It looked familiar.” Has Akrura
come again? He took our beloved Krishna to Mathura. Has he
come to take us also there to be offered as sacrifice to Kamsa’s
ancestors”. The gopis wondered but looking closer they saw
Udhava who looked like Krishna and was attired similarly. So,
getting bolder they came near; found that he was Krishna’s
messenger, surrounded him and pestered him with questions
“Friend! when will our Krishna come? Does he still remember
us? Perhaps he has sent you to comfort his parents? He does not
care for us any more. Bees abandon flowers after sucking the
honey. Courtesans abandon their lovers after sucking their money.
Perhaps Krishna too has left us!” And the poor gopis began to
shed tears while others found solace, singing about his exploits. A
blue black bee came buzzing and settled before them.
Apostrophizing it as if it was a messenger from Krishna, they
began to sing.
Do not touch us O! bee!
Cousin of the faithless Krishna
Your whiskers are the colour of kumkum
Worn on their breasts by those women of the town
How does Sri tolerate them
Those ladies of the town?
Perhaps, Sri too is cajoled like us
By the sweet, looks and words of the Lord
Which, Alas! None can resist.
Now go! You six footed ones
And sing your notes to them
Leaving homes and hearths
our children and husbands
we wander like birds that leave their nests
giving up hopes here and even hereafter .
Hiding, like a hunter he killed Vali
And disfigured cruelly a lady
Who! poor thing loved him dearly
And bound the hands and feet of Bali
Who was kneeling at his feet
The gopis now relented and cooling down they said,
“Is the noble Krishna still at Mathura?
Does he still remember his father’s house?
Or his relations who worshipped him
Does he ever recall our stories, his hand maids
Will he again place his strong hands on our heads?
Hands that smell like sandalwood
Hearing all this Udhava said, “O ladies! You have attained
the impossible
You will be adored by the world
You have given up all for Vasudeva
Sages try to attain the same
By sacrifice , austerity, penance or knowledge
What is unattainable to them, you have attained
By your unparalleled devotion
You have attained the supreme known as Krishna
Your temporary separation has proved to be
A great blessing for me. Now hear
The message he has sent through me.
My friends! I am never far from you,
I create the world and permeate it
As fire permeates wood.
This soul is distinct from body and mind
Not subject to waking, dream or sleep
As the awakened man views the events of dream
So too, the awakened soul views the events of life
As the rivers have the ocean as their goal
Self conquest is the goal of the Vedas
My staying away from you is to keep your mind tied on me
A woman fixes her mind on an absent lover
More steadily than on one who is near
By fixing your mind on me absent,
You finally reach me without fail
Pleased with this conversation, the gopis continued.
Does Krishna please the ladies of the town
By his sweet looks and even sweeter words?
Does he still remember us and those memorable nights in
Brindavan
When to the tune of jingling anklets, he danced with us?
Will he again, revive our drooping spirits
As Indra revives the parched fields with rain?.
Alas! Why would he come here
What business has he with rustics like us !
Pingala, the courtesan spoke the truth,
Despair is sweet. It is ultimate happiness”
We know that, still our hankering desire strengthens
Who can get free when even Sri has failed
Those lovely ponds and forest greens
The sound of flute and his dancing friends
Crowd memory’s lanes making it sick
And how can we forget though try we may
His gallant ways and tender looks
Oh Lord! Lord of Vraja! Our Master!
Raise us from this pond of despair!
Udhava was stunned to see the devotion of these village
girls.
He had come to advise and teach.
But now decided to learn and pray.
Even Sri has not enjoyed the bliss
these gopis had attained during Rasalila.
May I be born as a creeper or blade of grass
At Brindaban whose sands purify the world
Praying thus
Udhava remained for a few months more
And then taking an affectionate leave
And loaded with presents, returned
To Mathura and narrated to Krishna all the events.
CHAPTER 19
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Confrontation With Jarasandha
Asthi and Prapthi the two bereaved wives of Kamsa now
departed in tears to their father the mighty king of Magadha. The
king was furious and swore he would exterminate the yadus.. He
collected a mighty army of eighteen akshouhinis consisting of
elephants, horses, chariots and infantry and laid siege to Mathura.
Krishna and Balarama came out with a small army. A divine
chariot now appeared with charioteer and divine weapons . Said
Krishna “Dear brother, you please go and destroy the army and I
shall tackle Jarasandha”. A fierce battle ensued. Arrows flew,
horses screamed and elephants charged. Jarasandha was bound
hands and feet by the powerful Balarama but Krishna let him
free saying, “Let him go brother. He will soon collect another
army and return. This will serve our purpose of ridding the earth
of asuric forces”. And he was let free. But smarting under defeat
and prodded by Maharshi Sri Narada, he returned with a bigger
army which too was destroyed with ease. This went on seventeen
times. Now, he came on for the eighteenth time in alliance with
Kalayavana and his countless hordes of wild yavanas from the
north. The citizens of Mathura were now really panic stricken.
The two divine brothers now took counsel . Krishna said “Dear
brother! You please hold the enemy in check. I shall safely take
all our people to an island fortress named Dwaraka by my yogic
powers” And turning to the people Krishna said “My dear people!
Close your eyes tight and open them only when I tell you. Now
close”.
Sk 10. Ch 50 - Slokam 1
Dwaraka
A few minutes later Krishna’s voice rang out “Now open”!
Krishna had ordered Viswakarma to build a model city by the
sea. And the citizens of Mathura now found themselves in the
broad streets of a splendid city. It was ideally laid out with broad
streets and storied mansions and squares with fountains and
gardens where bloomed the parijata from Indra’s garden and the
kalpaka tree that granted your every wish. Every citizen had a
mansion of his own according to his rank and status. There were
quite a few temples with great gates and high domes and grand
prakarams and mandapams from where learned pundits intoned
Vedic scriptures. Schools were housed in imposing structures with
adjoining libraries. In short, Visvakarma had shown all his skill to
please his master Krishna. There was never a strike or a jatha in
the good days of old. Finding the people well housed and fed Krishna
emerged from the gate, completely unarmed and wearing a lotus
garland and appeared before Kalayavana who was besieging
Mathura.
Though a savage, this yavana was a sport “You are unarmed
Krishna, so I too will fight you unarmed”. So saying he pursued
Krishna who apparently fled before him. The yavana began to
mock “O! Krishna! You are a scion of the gallant Yadus. You
should not run from an enemy”. Krishna would slacken and the
yavana could almost touch him when suddenly he would dart
forward and appear atop a neighbouring hill. Thus Krishna led
him a dance and then suddenly entered a cave. An ancient man
with a long beard and an effulgent appearance was stretched in
deep slumber and Krishna hid beside him. The yavana too coming
in hot pursuit, entered and observed the sleeper “O! Ho! So you
have entered the cave and now pretend to sleep”. So saying he
kicked the sleeper who slowly opened his eyes. His gaze fell
upon the intruder and his eyes blazed. There was a flash and the
yavana went up in flames.
Muchukunda Moksham
Here, Parikshit, interposed “O! Sage! Who was that ascetic?
How came he there?” Then, Sri Suka continued “He was the
emperor Muchukunda, son of the great king Mandhata of the
Ikshvaku family. Like his father, he was also a valiant soldier whose
help was sought by the devas in their fight against the danavas
(asuras). He had to stay with Indra, Lord of heaven for a long
time. When the devas got Lord Subramania as their commander,
they allowed Muchukunda to return to his kingdom, loading him
with precious presents and granting any boon he might desire.
But by that time all his relatives were dead, aeons had passed and
so Muchukunda said “I have no desire except the desire to sleep”.
And Indra Lord of the devas said “Let it be so! Sleep soundly and
whosoever disturbs and wakes you up shall be burnt to death!”
And Muchukunda was sleeping soundly until the unlucky yavana
rudely kicked him and was burnt to ashes!.
Muchukunda now looked more closely at his radiant visitor.
Seeing his glorious face and four arms with the discus, conch,
lotus and mace he wondered “Are you Indra, or Varuna or any
other guardian of the world? What is your name Lord?” and
Krishna replied
I have countless names and births
Even sages who know me cannot say how many
I have been born now as Vaasudeva
Son of Vasudeva the yadava chief
I have killed Kamsa and his asuric aides
Have now come to bless you and grant your wishes
As you have prayed for these in previous births
No one who comes to me goes with empty hands
Muchukunda replied
Lord! People ere this have been fooled by dire desires
Craving happiness rooted in sorrows
Man is ensnared with woman and vice versa
Having achieved somehow this human birth
Blindfold falls in the well of darkness
Of sensual pleasures, like a beast
Lord! My own life has been a waste
Squandered in arrogance of wealth and power
Kingdom, son, wife and untold wealth
Sunk in delusion of empire pomp and power
Man is suddenly confronted by thee as Death
Like a serpent that waits for a rat
That has ventured into its hole, you strike
If by great good chance, man meets a saint
Who shows the way, he is blessed
Therefore Lord! I renounce all boons
And want only Thee, the essence of all consciousness
And Krishna said “Great Emperor! Your mind is pure,
You are firm as a rock buffeted by waves
Stay here a little more to work out your karma
In your next birth you will be a pious Brahmin
And attain me finally.
Muchukunda having no further desire entered
Badrikashramam and built an ashramam for himself near
Naranarayana ashram and after severe tapas, entered his next
birth.
Krishna too with Balarama destroyed the yavana, armies
and faced the Magadhan army. Then instead of facing Jarasandha
he pretended to run and entered the forest. Jarasandha surrounded
the forest and set it on fire. Krishna was seen leaping on to a rock
from where he took another leap and landed in Dwaraka.
Jarasandha thought his enemy was burnt to death and returned to
his capital greatly rejoicing.
Rukmini’s Marriage
The brothers were now of marriageable age and Balarama
was married to Revathy, daughter of Revatha. Bhishmaka was
the good king of Vidarbha. He had five sons, Rukmi, Rukmamali,
Rukma ratha etc and the youngest Rukmini was the avatar of Sri
Lakshmy herself. She had heard about Krishna, his charming
appearance and exploits from travelling minstrels and had decided
to choose him as her husband. Her father and relatives had
approved but not so, her brothers especially the eldest Rukmi who
hated Krishna and wanted to give his sister to Sisupala, prince of
Chedi. Even the day of betrothal was fixed and poor Rukmini was
now in a fix. In this extremity she could only cry to God for help
and as if in answer to her prayer she saw an old brahmin
approaching. She received him with great respect and asked him
tearfully if he could carry a letter from her to Krishna. The old
man agreed and carrying the letter like a precious treasure started
on the long journey to Dwaraka – Crossing much difficult terrain
and some broad rivers the old man saw at last the gopurams and
domes of Dwaraka. Krishna, who was reclining on a couch saw
the old man approaching and immediately getting down, took him
by the arm and led him to his couch and gently said “Good sir, did
you have a pleasant journey? Is Dharma followed in the land you
come from? Are brahmins content with their lot? And other castes
as well? If a brahmin is satisfied with what he gets and if he is a
friend of all and humble and selfless, I bow to him. And is the
ruler helpful to all? Dear to me is such a ruler. Now, tell me the
purpose of your visit!” The old brahmin blessed Krishna and
handed him the letter.
Rukmini’s letter
Hearing your noble qualities sung by minstrels
And your great charm, you have entered my heart
And pray! Don’t think me immodest
For which modest maiden, however high born
Can help loving a hero like you, peerless among men
I have chosen you, I am yours and therefore
Allow not the Chedi prince to touch me
The lion allows not a wolf to snatch its food
If I have acquired any merit in previous births
By penance, rites, worship of elders or by giving alms
May my hand be touched only by Krishna and not by any
one else. If you say “ You are within the lady’s quarters
How can I get at you, guarded as you are”
I shall tell you how “When tomorrow I go out
To worship at Bhavani’s temple as our custom is
Guarded by soldiers, come incognito, conquer them
And marry me by the Rakshasa rite as reward to heroes
If O! Lotus eyed Lord! If I do not get your grace
I shall starve myself to death. This is certain The Brahmin said
“These are the contents of my message. Ponder over this and do
whatever you think is fit”.
On hearing this Krishna was greatly pleased and taking
the brahmin by the arm said “I too am devoted to her and I am not
getting any sleep. I shall free her even as the sacrificial fire is
freed from the fuel.” Then ascertaining the date fixed for her
betrothal, he ordered Daruka to get ready the chariot. When the
chariot was ready with four shining horses, Krishna ascended it
with the brahmana by his side. They reached Vidarbha and the
brahmana alighted. Rukmini was getting agitated. She was sunk
in despair and then there were some good auguries. Her left eye,
hand and thigh throbbed and in a few minutes she saw the
brahmana approaching. By his bright appearance she knew that
the mission had been a success and in her extreme joy not seeing
anything valuable enough to give, prostrated herself at his feet.
Blessing her the brahmana said “I have brought Krishna. He is at
the outskirts and will come at the appropriate moment”.
Needless to say, Rukmini was beside herself with joy. The
city had already been bedecked with flags and arches. Sounds of
Vedic hymns and mantras came from the temples. The initial
dedication was over and the holy thread was wound round her
wrist dedicating her to Sisupala . Married young women adorned
her and surrounded by them and escorted by soldiers with drawn
swords the procession started to Devi Bhavani’s temple. The
princess looked beautiful beyond compare just entering
maidenhood, slightly smiling and almost dancing, she was moving
like a swan and entered the temple “O! Great Bhavani! Grant me
a boon! May I have Krishna as my Lord!” She prayed and it
seemed the goddess did smile. The princess came out casting
timorous glances all round and saw Krishna smiling and beckoning
to her from his chariot. At once she hastened towards him and
Krishna gave her his hand, seated her by his side and nodded to
the charioteer to drive. The bystanders, mainly rival princes, suitors,
who had come to try their luck, were too stupefied and stunned
to protest. By the time they recovered Krishna and his bride
were off.
The armies of Sisupala and Jarasandha now tried to pursue.
But Balarama with the yadava army had come just in time and a
fierce battle ensued. Balrama with his plough (a weapon) and the
yadava leaders Samban and Gada battered the enemies. Krishna’s
bow twanged repeatedly and the ground was littered with the
dead bodies of the enemies. Jarasandha consoled Sisupala saying
that the times were unfavourable and they could wait for better
times and take revenge. But Rukmi , Rukmini’s eldest brother,
would not be consoled. He continued to fight until he too was
disarmed and disfigured .He was tied to the chariot wheels and
Krishna was about to cut off his head when Rukmini fell on her
knees and pleaded for her brother’s life. It was of course granted
especially since Balarama also advised restraint.
Krishna and Rukmini now entered Dwaraka at the head of
the victorious army. They were now married according to Vedic
rites. The city wore a gala appearance and month long celebrations
followed.
The Story Of The Jewel Syamanthaka
Satrajit a prominent yadava was a worshipper of the sun
god. The sun god Surya was so pleased with his friend and
worshipper that he presented him with a rare jewel, an immense
diamond of rare lustre. Satrajit prostrated before the god and
wearing it round his neck was returning home. People mistook
him for the sun himself and thought the sun god was coming to
pay homage to Sri Krishna. Satrajit had a small temple built in his
house to house the jewel and performed puja (worship) with the
help of learned brahmins. Every day the jewel would produce
gold and this became the talk of the town. Krishna sent for him
and said it was better to keep such a treasure in the king’s treasury
where the immense wealth it produced daily, could be used for
the peoples’ benefit. But Satrajit was greedy. He demurred and
Krishna did not force him.
Now Satrajit had a younger brother Prasena by name. One
day he went hunting with the jewel round his neck. He got
separated from his friends and did not return at all. And it was
public secret that Krishna had asked for it and gossips immediately
began to talk suspiciously about Krishna. Now this was unbearable
and Krishna with his friends entered the forest in search of
Prasena. Soon they came upon the ghastly remains of Prasena.
He had been killed with his horse and dragged up a hill by a lion.
There they found evidence of a fierce fight between the lion and
a huge bear. Evidently the bear had won and dragged its booty up
a hill and entered its lair.
Leaving the attendants outside, Krishna entered the cave.
The cave was lit up with the lustre of the jewel Syamanthaka
which a child was playing with . Seeing the stranger the child
cried loudly and the huge bear Jambhavan came to her rescue.
Then ensued a great fight, between Jambhavan and Krishna. The
fight went on for eighteen days Jambhavan the hero of Ramayana
was now facing defeat and then realization dawned on him. His
opponent seemed very much like Sri Rama his master. He now
realised that it was the same Lord Vishnu in a new avatar. With
tears in his eyes he prayed, “Pardon me, Lord now I see you are
my master Sri Rama in a new avatar. Forgive my ignorance!”
The Lord not only pardoned him but gently stroked him making
him whole again. Krishna explained that he had come in search of
the jewel to retrieve his reputation. Jambhavan gladly gave him
not only the jewel but also his daughter Jambavati and escorted
them back to Dwaraka.
Meanwhile at Dwaraka the citizens were plunged in grief.
They blamed Satrajit who had brought this misfortune by his greed.
Devaki, Rukmini and others went to the temple of Mahamaya
praying for Krishna’s welfare. And as if in answer to their prayer
Krishna entered the gates, victorious and with a new bride
Jambavati. Satrajit too, now entirely repentant, came with the jewel
Syamanthaka and his daughter Satyabhama and requested Krishna
to accept both . Krishna smiled and said “I gladly accept
Satyabhama but not your other present, the jewel. Keep it
yourself”. And the marriages of Satyabhama and Jambavathi
with Krishna were celebrated with great pomp and splendour.
The Destruction Of Narakasura
Narakasura the offspring of Mother Earth was proving to
be a scourge of gods and men. He waged fierce war against the
devas, drove Indra from heaven; despoiled it of its treasures and
even snatched Aditi’s ear rings and Indra was hiding in the crest
of mount Meru. The devas supplicated before Vishnu (now
Krishna) for relief from this distress. Krishna seated on Garuda
and with Sathyabhama by his side, started for Pragjyotisha the
citadel of Narakasura. It was a heavily fortified place, surrounded
by several rings of defense. There was a moat filled with alligators
and then a wall of fire. Krishna seated on Garuda flew over the
moat, smashed the mountainous barriers with his mace and blew
on his famous panchajanya sending tremors throughout .
A mighty demon named Mura with five heads breathing
fire, came out rushing wielding a huge trident. He hurled the trident
but Krishna’s arrows cut it into pieces and another hail of arrows
swept off his heads. Naraka himself now advanced seated on a
mighty elephant, and flanked by an army of elephants. Garuda,
now struck them with his powerful wings and they ran backward
squealing and trampling down their own army. Naraka was furious
and was about to hurl his spear but before it could leave his hand,
his head bright with fiery ear rings was severed by Krishna’s
sudarshan.
The earth goddess now appeared
and presenting a necklace of priceless pearls
and matching ear rings, gently said
“Lord now forbear! The asura has been killed.
He had been the very avatar of rajas and tamas.
But these too begin from you alone .
It behoves you therefore to pardon.
His son Bhagadatta is a valiant prince.
Let him be made king in his father’s place.
And my lord, let your gracious gaze
Fall on these hapless maidens freed by you.
The Lord of course, obliged. Bhagadatha was crowned king
and Krishna was gentle and kind to the young women just freed.
They were gazing with admiration, love at their saviour.
Bhagadatha sent them in palanquins loaded with bridal presents
to Dwaraka. Later on Krishna married all the sixteen thousand
of them at the same time in as many pandals and as many houses.
There was no difference in status among the sixteen thousand
and eight women. Each thought that Krishna was with her only all
the time.
The Story Of Nriga
Once the young princes of Dwaraka had gone to the nearby
forests for for a picnic. There they saw an ancient moss covered
well and peeped inside out of curiosity. There at the bottom of the
dry well they saw a huge lizard. The children tried to pull it out
with strings and hooks but without success. They reported the
matter to Krishna who came to investigate and at once pulled it
out easily. At his touch the creature at once changed into a shining
deva dressed in gold bowing before them with folded hands.
Krishna knew who it was; still for the benefit of others he asked
“O! You, shining deva; tell us your story”. The deva bowed low
and said “Lord! I am Nriga son of Ikshwaku, and I ruled over this
vast domain and delighted in gifting thousands of well adorned
milch cows with calves to as many learned deserving brahmins.
This, I was able to do for many days. One day, as an old brahmin
was leading the cow and calf to his ashram, another brahmin met
him on the way and claimed the cow. The two brahmins disputed
long and at last came to me for a decision. “The cow is mine. I
was given this cow yesterday”. “No No! it was given to me to
day by the king” Both were telling the truth. The fact was that the
cow which had been gifted the previous day had strayed back to
join the herd and not knowing this the king had gifted it again.
Here was a dilemma. Neither brahmin would oblige though the
king offered a thousand cows in exchange and both departed in
high dudgeon. At this point the king suddenly died and was taken
to Yama, the god of death, for judgment. After consulting the great
accountant Chitragupta, Yama decreed “You have gifted thousands
of cows for which you deserve enjoyment in heaven. But you
have though unknowingly given a cow that belonged to another,
for which you deserve the life of a lizard. You shall have your
choice. Which do you prefer first.” The king pondered a little and
said “Let me suffer the lizard’s life first and have heavenly life
later. It was decreed like that and I am here now” Saying this the
deva slowly rose to celestial regions. The yadava youths realized
that even by mistake they should not misappropriate a Brahmin’s
property.
Diversion Of Yamuna
It was a time of comparative peace at Dwaraka and
Balarama felt a longing to visit Nandagopa and Yasoda and Rohini
and others and reached Brindavan. The gopas and gopis felt as if
their soul had returned and recalled with emotion the happy old
times. With eyes slightly reddened he danced with the gopies the
whole night on the river bank, bright in the moonlight. Feeling thirsty
they wanted some cool water and ordered the river to come near.
But the river would not come. Balrama’s eyes became more red
with anger and with his mighty plough drew the river towards
him. This diversion of the river can be seen even to day. After
satisfying the aspirations of the Vraja, Balrama returned to
Dwaraka.
Paundraka Moksham
Poundraka Vasudeva king of the Charusha was a very funny
impostor. He pretended that he was the real Vasudeva, the real
avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu and went to the extent of imitating
Krishna in every detail He painted himself blue, wore golden attire,
and had an imitation kaustubham suspended from his neck. He
attached two artificial arms to himself and carried imitation conch
,discus ,mace and of course real lotus. Not content with this he
sent messengers to Dwaraka “O! Krishna! I am the real avatar.
Surrender your weapons lest I invade Dwaraka. “ Krishna of
course, did not wait to be invaded. He marched with an army of
many divisions towards Charusha’s capital. The Charusha’s were
aided by the king of Kasi as well. A great battle followed., The
Charushas and the king of Kasi were defeated Paundraka was
killed by the discus. A flight of arrows severed the Kasi Raja’s
head and deposited it at his city gates. It burned up the city too.
To avenge the death of his father, Kasi Raja’s son resorted
to black magic. He raised an evil spirit which began to destroy
Dwaraka but, Sudarsan chakra again flared up and destroyed the
evil spirit. Thus ended the adventure of Paundraka and his ally.
Dwivida The Monkey
Dwivida and Mainda the twin monkeys were heroes of the
Ramayana and had fought for Sri Rama, under Hanuman. Now,
however in Dwapara yuga Dwivida had fallen into evil company.
He had been a friend of Narakasura and wanted to avenge his
friend’s death. Fate lead him to Anarta the land where Balrama
was staying and the monkey began to work havoc. He pulled up
trees, pounded the hills and prevented the free flow of river where
Balrama’s wives were sporting and insulted them. Balrama came
to their rescue and soon came to blows . Balrama wielding his
club and the monkey armed with uprooted trees. Balrama who
was none other than Sankarshana killed the monkey soon.
CHAPTER 20
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Pradyumna
A son was born to Krishna and Rukmini. The child was the
image of Krishna himself and the fond parents named him Pradyumna.
He was the avathar of Kamadeva who had been burnt to ashes by
Sree Rudra‘s anger. While the child was still in the cradle it was
stolen by Sambaraasura and thrown into the sea because the asura
knew that he would meet his death at the hands of Pradyumna when
he grew up. Rukmini was inconsolable but even Krishna kept quiet
knowing that destiny would have its way.
The child however did not die. It was swallowed by a big
fish, which was caught in a net by fishermen who gave it to Sambara’s
cooks. When the cooks opened it up they were surprised to see a
shining baby within and immediately informed their mistress Mayavati
who took it under her care and brought it up with great tenderness.
This Mayavati was none other than Ratidevi whose husband
Kamadeva was burnt to ashes earlier. Needless to say, Mayavati
tended the child with special tenderness. Before long, the child grew
up, as an exceptionally handsome youth, the cynosure of ladies’ eyes.
Mayavati’s manner changed from that of a foster mother to that of a
lover. The young man noticed it and said. “O! Mayavati, your manner
to me is changing recently pray why?” Mayavati replied, “Lord!
You were Kama in your previous life and I was your wedded
wife Rati. Our master Sambarasura is a powerful demon and a great
magician. You too must master this art, to overcome him in fight and
claim me your lawful wife.”
Sk 10. Ch 69 - Slokam 41
Pradyumna confronted Sambara and roused his anger. The
asura madly rushed at him with raised club but Pradyumna deftly
parried it, stepping aside. Then ensued a terrific combat the demon
trying his utmost with magic devices. He would appear as a python;
next moment as a wild tiger and again as a demon in the clouds above
raining arrows. All these, Pradyumna easily overcame with the help
of the Mahamayamanthra, which Mayavati the greatenchantress had
taught him earlier. As a last desperate attempt the demon took up
huge mace and rushed at Pradyumna, but Pradyumna took up a flashing
sword and with a mighty stroke cut off the demon’s head.
The devas watching the fight from above showered flowers and rejoiced.
Mayavati knew the art of flying. The couple flew over hill
and dale and rivers and came over Krishna’s palace in Dwaraka.
Like a light blue cloud and a flash of lightning in it, they hovered
overhead and descended gently in Krishna’s courtyard in front of
Rukmini and her friends. Rukmini who was grieving all these years
like a cow bereft of its calf knew by instinct that this was her long lost
son. She embraced her son and daughter-in-law while tears of love
welled up from her eyes. Presently Krishna also came up from behind
and greeted and embraced his son as if nothing particular had
happened. He had known this all along, but he did not divulge it to
anyone. Balarama came hurrying and so did Sree Narada maharishi
who explained everything. The entire city of Dwaraka was plunged
in delight with citizens celebrating the event with sweets and crackers.
There were bad tidings from Hastinapura. It was rumored
that the Pandavas had died in a fire accident. To find out the truth and
offer condolence to the Kurus the brothers set out to Hastinapura.
Krishna knew that it was not true but pretended to sympathize with
the treacherous Kurus and returned to Dwaraka. Balarama stayed
for some time at Hastinapura and Duryodhana used this opportunity
to take lessons in wrestling from Balarama. During the absence of
Krishna some evil things had happened at Dwaraka. Satadhanva a
former suitor of Stayabhama was burning for revenge. Of all the
people Akrura and Kritavarma instigated Satadhanva to commit a
crime. They said “ You have been cheated by this Satrajit. Rob him
of his jewel, kill him if necessary.” The wicked Satadhanva stole into
Satrajit’s house at night: killed him without mercy and decamped
with the jewel. When poor Satyavama heard of her father’s murder
she beat her breast and wailed piteously. Krishna soon returned and
consoled her saying, “ I will avenge your father’s death.”.
He started in pursuit of Satadhanva. Anticipating this, now
thoroughly frightened he had fled leaving the jewel in the care of
Akrura. After a hot pursuit Krishna caught up with the killer and cut
off his head with Sudarshan chakra. Krishna ransacked his baggage
but the jewel was not found. He returned to Dwaraka.
Mean while Akrura had fled to Kasi with the jewel and with
the help of the immense wealth it produced he started feeding thousands
of Brahmins. He came to be known as ‘Danapathy’ king of
alms givers. Krishna heard of this extraordinary alms giving and approached
Akrura who immediately confessed that the jewel was with
him only. Krishna said, “Keep it with you and use it wisely.” So saying
Krishna returned to Dwaraka.
He who reads this story with piety and faith will be cleared of
all suspicion and ill reputation.
Krishna at Indraprastha
Days passed and Krishna heard that the Pandavas were at
Indraprastha. Desirous of seeing them and their mother, aunt Kunthiwho
had also arrived – he went to Indraprastha with his friend Satyaki.
The Pandavas receiving him felt as if the soul had come to an inert
body. Krishna prostrated before Ydhishtira and Bhima, embraced
Arjuna while Nakula and Sahadeva prostrated before him. Droupathi
received equal respect. When all were comfortably seated Kunthidevi
said in a choking voice, with tears in her eyes.
“ O! Krishna you are the Lord of all. Even in the midst of all
our trials we were strengthened by remembering you. Does Vasudeva
my brother remember us now that he has sent you to comfort us?
You do not consider anyone as yours or otherwise, still you comfort
and brighten our lives in our troubles when we think of you.”
Yudhishtira also echoed the same sentiments and the cousins
spent the winter months happily. One day Krishna and Arjuna
went out for a ride in the chariot.They were riding along the banks of
yamuna when they espied from a distance a beautiful maiden alone.
Krishna said to Arjuna, “O! Arjuna, please go ahead and ascertain
who that maiden is”. Arjuna obeyed. Soon he came up to her and
politely asked “ Pray, gentle maiden, who are you and why are you
wandering alone”? The maiden replied, I am Kalindi, my mother is
the deity of this river. My father is the sun god. I live in a palace
under the river built by my father for me. I am in search of lord
Krishna. I have heard much about him and wish to marry him and no
one else!” Arjuna gently replied, “Then princess get into the chariot.
I shall take you to Krishna who is standing there.” In a few minutes
they reached Krishna who received them gladly. They drove up to
Indraprastha to receive Yudhishtira’s approval and blessing for their
marriage.
Indraprastha was as yet undeveloped. It was a barren place
where the Pandavas had not even a home to live. At Krishna’s behest
a city was built by Vishvakarma the architect of devas in a few
days. With well laid out streets, gardens and palaces, the city looked
most beautiful. The Pandavas now lived in palaces very happily.
Khandava Dahanam
One day, Krishna and Arjuna went out hunting in the dense Khandava
forest. Agnideva had long wanted to consume this forest but without
success. Arjuna now helped him to consume it without being drenched
by rain by covering the forest with a roof of arrows. In return the
Agnideva presented him with a shining chariot, four magnificent horses
an impenetrable armour, the bow Gandiva and an inexhaustible quiver.
Maya the clever architect of the asuras was caught in the fire and he
was allowed to escape by Arjuna. In return he built a wonderful
audience hall for the Pandavas. By a clever arrangement of mirrors
this hall produced an illusion of the floor. Later Duryodhana was
humiliated by this illusion and got insulted by Droupadi. This eventually
increased his anger to the Pandavas, leading to the great
Mahabharata war.
Krishna with his friend Sathyaki and the bride elect Kalindi
now returned to Dwaraka and the marriage with Kalindi was
solemnized with religious rites and festivities. Mitravinda the beautiful
princess of Avanti also had longed to marry Krishna who was her
cousin too. But her two brothers were partisans of Duryodhana and
would not permit their sister to choose Krishna as her husband. So
Krishna had no option but to use force. He invaded Avanti with a
large force, defeated the enemy and carried away the happy bride to
Dwaraka and married her also with solemn rites. Nagnajit, King of
Kosala was a good ruler. His daughter Satya Known as Nagnajithi
had loved Krishna ever since her childhood. She longed to marry
Krishna. Krishna, ever devoted to his devotees was also willing but
there was a big hurdle. The old King in his anxiety to select a suitable
bridegroom had stipulated that the suitor should conquer seven fierce
bulls unarmed. This proved calamitous. Many brave princes had
been gored to death. Krishna too now offered to try. Girding up his
loins he divided himself as seven so that there was one Krishna for
each bull. Catching each bull by the horns he forced it back on its
hunches with ease as a child plays with a toy bull. After tethering
them all together, the seven Krishnas became one again. The king
was pleased and agreed to give his daughter to Krishna. As dowry
the King offered a well-equipped powerful army and hundred maidens
as attendants to the bride. Next he married Bhadra and the princess
Lakshmana.
A Lover’s Quarrel
An occasional little quarrel with one’s own wife adds to the
pleasure of family life. Krishna decided to enact this little family
drama and as usual he did it perfectly, perhaps, too perfectly as he
himself realized later.
One day Krishna and Rukmini were taking rest in the afternoon
sitting leisurely in their jewelled swinging cot. The windows
were open and a cool breeze from the garden laden with the perfume
of flowers relieved the heat. Rukminidevi was as usual dressed at
her best. Her golden waistband sparkled with gems. With her jewelled
hands and anklets she looked divinely beautiful. With a peacock
fan she gently fanned her husband. Her smiling face made her even
more beautiful because of her adoration and love for Krishna. There
was even a tinge of pride as she thought she was the dearest of all to
her lord. Krishna realized this and perhaps to cure her of this pride,
suddenly said. “Beloved princess, you are the most beautiful daughter
of the famous king of Vidarbha. Why did you choose, this beggarly
Krishna from among so many eligible princely suitors? I am a
beggar without any Kingdom and my worshippers are all beggarly
sanyasins. Afraid of enemies we have taken refuge in a barren
island out in the sea. Even now it is not too late. There is the rich
prince of Chedi or many others who would gladly accept you.” Rukmini
could not believe her ears. At first she was stunned then turned pale
and trembled. The fan slipped from her beautiful hands. She swooned
and fell down from the cot. Krishna now realized that he had played
this hoax too well. He felt repentant for the first time and kneeling
gently stroked her lovingly with his life giving hands. Rukmini gently
opened her eyes and slowly began to speak. “Lord, what you say is
not true. Did you not defeat the enemy scattering them like chaff?
Dwaraka built by Mayan, has nothing equal even in heaven. Even
Brahma the giver of boons, worships your feet. Which woman will
choose an ordinary man subject to birth and death in preference to
you who are eternal? Which woman will choose an ordinary man
who dances to the tune of women like a dog, a cat or a mule? Even if
I have to take thousand births I will stick to your feet alone and no one
else.” “O my beloved, I just wanted to hear these works from you.
That is why I played this farce. You shall be with me always, as a
part of me and grant the devotees, whatever they may desire.”
This pranaya sargam famous in Bhagavatham has a curious
episode attached to it. Poonthanam Nambudiri was a great devotee
of Lord Krishna who lived some three hundred years ago near the
famous shrine of Lord Krishna at Guruvayur. Once he visited and
worshipped at the temple of Sree Siva in North Malabar. Sitting in the
mandapam before the idol of Sree Siva, he read this chapter, the idol
being his main audience. After the recital he put a bookmark, closed
the book kept it in the temple itself and left for the day. Next day the
Namboodiri returned and after worshipping the idol was about to resume
his recital. Someone had shifted his bookmark to the beginning
of this chapter. The poor Namboodiri was puzzled thinking who could
have shifted the bookmark form the end of the chapter to the beginning.
Nevertheless he recited again. This shifting was repeated again
and again and the poor Namboodiri was very puzzled when a deep
voice from inside the Garbha griha – sanctum – sounded. “My dear
Namboodiri! It was I who shifted the bookmark. Your recital was so
sweet; I wanted to hear it again and again. My blessings to you!”
Poonthanam was astounded. It was evidently Sree Siva himself wanting
to hear it again and again. Sree Siva enjoyed hearing, repeatedly
the lover’s quarrel between Krishna and Rukmini who are none other
than Sree Hari and his divine consort Sree Lakshmi.
Krishna next set an example of an ideal family man. Though
he had sixteen thousand and eight wives, each one of them believed
that Krishna was with her only all the time. Senses and sensations
belonged to Prakriti, - Nature –which was his own attribute. All the
created beings are his own power. He was impartial and generated
in each wife, ten sons and a daughter so that Dwarka literally swarmed
with them.
Anirudha, grandson of Krishna and Rukmini was married to
Rochana, Rukmi’s daughter in spite of the enmity between Krishna
and Rukmi. Rukmi loved his sister and hence this marriage took
place. Krishna, Balarama and the Yadava chiefs attended the marriage
celebrations. There were festivities and celebrations and gambling
with dice was one of the items. Balarama and Rukmi played
against each other. Balarama suspected foul play, flew into a passion
and clubbed Rukmi down along with his supporters. Thus, the festivities
ended on a sad note. Poor Rukminidevi was inconsolable for a
long time. Balarama, apologized and consoled her and she bore her
sorrow with dignity.
Banasura, the grandson of the illustrious Mahabali of imperishable
fame ruled at Shonitapura, capital of the nether world. He
was a great devotee of Sree Shiva. When Sree Siva danced, the
wondrous cosmic dance, Banasura accompanied the dance by playing
his percussion drum. Pleased with his performance Sree Siva
gave him a thousand arms. The asura used these thousand arms for
aggression. He conquered the three worlds and soon had devas as
his servants. He had the impudence to ask Sree Siva himself to be
guard at the gates. Sree Siva agreed but the asura’s next demand
angered him. “Great Lord, ! You have given me a thousand arms for
which I find no work. I have struck down trees and shattered mountains.
Give me a suitable adversary who can withstand my blows.”
Sree Siva replied angrily, “Fool! When your flagstaff breaks in half
and the flag comes down, know that your enemy has come who will
humble your pride.” Instead of getting afraid, the fool was rather
pleased. He thought, “At last I shall get an adversary worthy of my
blows!” He did not have to wait long.
The Story Of Usha And Anirudha
Bana had a charming daughter named Usha. Being a stern
disciplinarian, Banasura would not allow too much freedom to girls
and Usha was brought up in strict seclusion in the ladies’ quarters.
One night she saw a charming prince in her dream and fell in love
with him and became disconsolate. Chitralekha her friend, was the
daughter of Kumbhantaka, the Chief Minister of Banasura. Noticing
Usha’s sadness, her friend was concerned and enquired what he was
like. The princess Usha told the details of his features. Now, Chitralekha
was a good artist and she began to draw the pictures of various princes,
and she drew the picture of Anirudha. Usha blushed and confessed
that this indeed was the prince she had dreamt of. Chitralekha was a
great magician. She could fly in the air unseen. She flew to Dwaraka;
kidnapped the sleeping prince and flew back and deposited him in
Usha’s apartments while the guards outside snored peacefully. Usha
was delighted and the two lived happily for many days until the guards
became suspicious and reported the matter to Banasura. Banasura
became furious and rushed at Anirudha with a huge mace. Anirudha
too was a great fighter and retaliated scattering the guards. But
Banasura making full use of his thousand hands and the naga pasa –
snake rope – imprisoned him and tied him up.
There was consternation at Dwaraka. Anirudha was missing.
Sree Narada Maharishi now appeared and apprised them of the
situation. A great Yadava army was assembled. It was led by
Balarama, Krishna and the Yadava heroes Pradyumna, Gada, Sambha,
Satyaki and other great heroes. They marched towards Shonitapura
and laid siege. When Krishna’s conch the Panchajanya sounded the
flag mast of Banasura broke in two and the flag fluttered down.
Banasura, Kumbhandaka and other demons came forth yelling and a
fierce battle raged. It is said that they used even biological weapons
thus forestalling even modern inventions. It was a battle between the
powers of good and the powers of evil and Balarama and Krishna
triumphed. Krishna mowed down Banasura’s hands – of which he
was so proud – with his Sudarsanachakra. Only four hands were left
now. Sree Rudhra himself intervened for his bhakta who was left
with four hands. He pleaded with Krishna to spare the four hands.
It is said that even today, when Sree Siva is engaged in his cosmic
dance in Kailas, Banasura plays the drum with his left over hands, to
the rhythm of the dance.
When the war was won Anirudha was liberated. Anirudha
and Usha were richly endowed and seated in a golden chariot. Then
they were escorted with full honours to Dwaraka. Rukminidevi and
other ladies welcomed them, their heart overflowing with love. Needless
to say festivities followed.
Dragging of Hastinapura.
Duryodhana had a beautiful daughter named Lakshana. At
her swayamvara, Samba, son of Jambavathy took her by force and
carried her away as the other suitors just looked on. The elders –
kurus – got offended. Duryodhana, Karna and others shouted, “This
cowherd’s son has insulted us by dragging away an unwilling girl. We
must imprison him.”
Duryodhana, his brothers, Karna and even Dronachariar with
the approval of Bhishma, went in pursuit and surrounded Samba.
Samba was a very brave warrior and fought like a lion but what could
a mere boy however brave do against veterans like Drona and Karna?
In the end the boy was overpowered and bound. News reached
Dwaraka. The Yadavas were agitated but Balarama advised restraint
and with a big retinue went to Hastinapura and camped in the
gardens bordering Hastinapura and sent a message to his student
Duryodhana. The Kauravas were indignant but still they sent a messenger
with presents. Balarama received the messenger and sent a
stern message through him. It was an order that Samba should be
released immediately with due apologies and that it was the order of
the king Ugrasena the overlord. On hearing this imposing order the
Kauravas became impertinent and shouted, “Who is this Ugrasena
that dares command us. It is by our grace, he rules over the land
donated by us How can the shoe aspire to usurp the crown?” On
hearing this insult Balarama became really angry. His eyes usually
red now blazed fire. Taking up his dreaded weapon, the mighty plough
he pierced Hastinapura and drew it across the broad Ganges. The
great city tottered and began to move. Soon it was moving like a
huge boat across the river. The citizens panicked running hither and
thither. The Kauravas now fell at Balarama’s feet begging pardon.
Duryodhana had been a very good disciple and mighty Balarama softened
towards him and relented. The Kauravas pleaded. “Pardon us
great Lord, you are the mighty Adisesha who bears the world on your
hood. Pardon our ignorance Lord.” And the city stopped moving.
Duryodhana was a fond father. He gave priceless jewels besides an
army of elephants as dowry, and the marriage of Samba and Lakshana
was performed with great pomp at Dwaraka.
Krishna the householder
Sree Narada Maharishi heard that Krishna was living as a
typical householder with sixteen thousand and eight wives and out of
sheer curiosity to see this wonder decided to visit Dwaraka.
In a moment he found himself in the outer precincts of the
glorious city. It was beautiful with flowery gardens everywhere and
ponds of crystal water sparkling and blooming with water lilies and
blue lotuses with countless petals. Golden bees zoomed among them.
Bordering the ponds were mansions of marble and silver. Peacocks
and parrots freely flitted in and out through the open windows warbling
pleasant sounds. Servants, male and female well dressed and
wearing ornaments hurried in and out, obeying the orders of their
mistresses, the happy spouses of Krishna.
Sree Narada Maharishi entered one house at random. Krishna
and Sree Rukmini were playing chess. Seeing the Sage, Krishna
immediately rose in a hurry, came out; escorted him and seated him
reverently in a couch. He washed his feet and with that holy water
sprinkled his own head and Rukmini’s. Then he asked, “Holy Sire,
when did you come? Is everything well? Krishna asked him about
the welfare of the world because Sree Narada was a citizen of the
world always on the move. Sree Narada Maharishi replied. “By
your grace great Lord all are well.” Rukmini Devi fanned the sage all
the time with a jewelled fan. After exchanging a few more pleasantries,
the sage left and entered another mansion. Here the Lord was
deliberating with his wife about the marriage of his daughter and he
asked Sree Narada the same question as if nothing had happened,
“O! Holy sage, when did you come?” In the next mansion the Lord
was discussing with Udhava about the education of his children and
in yet another mansion he was teaching his sons horsemanship and
the art of war. In another he was performing puja enjoined on a
householder and in yet another listening to discourse by learned pundits.
Everywhere he put the same question to Sree Narada. “Holy
sage, when did you come?” At the end of the game Krishna said,
“O! Narada! You understand now that I can be everywhere?” “Pardon
me my curiosity Lord, I knew you are everywhere; only I wanted
to confirm.” So saying Sree Narada departed singing the glories of
the Lord.
He who reads this without carping will find his devotion increasing
and his spiritual journey to realization smooth.
The Lord’s Daily Routine.
As the cock crew Krishna would get up, perform the morning
ablutions, put on fresh attire and worship the rising sun – which
was part of him – and get ready to attend the council chamber. The
charioteer would have got the chariot ready, yoked with four magnificent
horses. All the sixteen thousand and eight spouses saw the
same sight. The various chariots and horses merged into one as they
entered the portals of Sudharma, the grand council chamber where
the yadava chiefs like Satyaki and Udhava waited for him. Krishna
would sit in the lion throne. Minstrels sang about the exploits of the
yadavas and dancers gyrated at a respectable distance.
Once Sree Narada Maharishi was seen approaching, chanting
hymns playing on his divine Veena. The lord with great reverence,
escorted him to a seat and asked, “Great Maharishi, You are a
traveller of the three worlds. Are all things well?” “All are well by
your grace my lord! Your noble cousin Yudhishtira is eager to perform
the great Rajasuya Yagna with your help at Indraprastha and
requests your gracious presence.” As Krishna was pondering over
the matter, there came another messenger, a Brahmin from Giri
Durgah, capital of Magadha. He was carrying a pathetic request
from the princes who had been imprisoned by Jarasandha. “O! Lord!
We have been imprisoned by the wicked, Jarasandha, as we would
not accept his suzerainty. He intends to sacrifice us to goddess
Bhadrakali shortly. Help us lord, we beseech you. Save our lives.”
Now, here was a dilemma. Which should be first accepted? Krishna
turned to Udhava for a solution. Udhava, foremost among wise councillors
replied, “Lord! There is no dilemma. Both purposes will be
simultaneously served by destroying Jarasandha. Let us go to
Indraprastha first.” Krishna consoled the Brahmin messenger, “We
shall assuredly destroy this Jarasandha soon and release the kings.
Please, go and give this assurance to your masters.” The Brahmin
hastened back with the happy news.
Next Krishna started for Indraprastha leaving Balarama in
charge of the defence of Dwaraka. Krishna was accompanied by a
large army and camp followers. A train of palanquins carrying
Krishna’s wives also followed. It was as if a town in festival was on
the move. They passed through many friendly countries, crossed
mountains, rivers and deserts on the way and finally reached
Indraprastha. The Pandavas with Yudhishtira at the head received
them with tears of joy. The streets of Indraprastha were gaily decorated
and women from their terraces gazed with admiration at
Krishna’s spouses and wondered with awe. “What merit have these
wives of Krishna accumulated in previous births to get Krishna as
their lord!” The spouses of Krishna alighted at the ladies quarters
and Kunthi Devi embraced them and said, “How wonderfully kind is
Krishna to men and women alike if they have devotion!” Yudhishtira
affectionately lead Krishna to his quarters and in his extreme happiness
forgot to worship Krishna with flowers and holy water in the
usual way. So great was his love and devotion!.
After a few days of rest Yudhishtira gently expressed his
great desire After a few days of rest Yudhishtira gently expressed his
great desire to perform the greatest of all yagnas the Rajasuya. Nakula
and Sahadeva were sent in various directions with the sacrificial
horse unopposed and returned with great tributes. Only Jarasandha
now remained. Udhava now advised, “Let Krishna, Bhima and Arjuna
disguised as Brahmins go to Girivraja and request Jarasandha to grant
them fight. He is a great giver of gifts and would grant anything at
the proper time.”
Fight With Jarasandha
The trio, Krishna, Bhima and Arjuna undertook the trip with
alacrity. Disguised as Brahmin sanyasins they approached Jarasandha
just at the proper time. He asked, “What do you want? I know that
you are kshatriyas. But, as you are disguised as Brahmin sanyasins,
I shall, grant whatever you ask, even if it be my head”
Krishna said, “Rajan! Your generosity is highly commendable.
We only want to fight a duel with clubs with you! You may
choose anyone of us as opponent. I am Krishna, your well known
opponent. This is Arjuna the Pandava and this is Bhima his brother.
Now choose!” Jarasandha replied, “ I will not fight with you Krishna,
because you ran away from our last fight. I will not fight with Arjuna
also as he is too young. I shall fight with Bhima who is my proper
opponent!”
Saying this he went in and brought out two clubs and asked
Bhima to choose one. Bhima took one and then the fight began.
Both were equally skilled and equally strong and the hills echoed with
shouts and the thunder clap of the clubs striking each other. At sunset,
the fight stopped as per rule and next morning it started again.
This terrific duel went on for seventeen days. At night Bhima was
sad and he diffidently confided to Krishna. “O! Krishna! I am trying
my best but I am unable to defeat this Jarasandha!” Then Krishna
plucked a blade of grass, tore it in two lengthwise and again put it
together the top end of one piece now touching the root end of the
other. Bhima took the hint. Next morning they again clashed and the
duel continued as usual. Suddenly Bhima threw down his club and
wrestled with his opponent and threw him down. Placing one foot
firmly on the other’s leg Bhima clutched the other leg and wrenched
it with all his force. Jarasandha’s body was split in two, exact halves.
Bhima put the two halves in opposite directions, crumpled up the two
pieces of the body and threw the mass outside. There was a great
hue and cry. His queens came crying beating their breasts. They
cried aloud. “Ho! Lord our King! How great and strong you were!
Alas! We are undone! What shall we do now?
His son Sahadeva came grief stricken. Krishna comforted
him, “Your father has died like a hero. It behoves you now to perform
his funeral obsequies. You can make amends for the wrongs committed
by your father, by releasing the prisoners and sending them
back to their kingdoms with due honour.” Sahadeva agreed
and ordered the immediate release of the prisoners. They were bathed
and dressed in kingly robes and given royal gifts and sent to their
respective kingdoms in golden chariots. As they left they sang.
“Oh! Lord! Oh! Krishna our saviour you are,
All this you have done to us, thoughtless fools,
We were mad after worldly power,
And deserved in full this chastisement,
We swear to be true to you, and you alone always,
Living the rest of our lives in the service of our people,
The deprived, down trodden and the weak,
May we have your continued grace help and blessing,
We shall meet again with all we have for the Rajasuya.”
The citizens of Dwaraka were getting anxious. It was more
than a month since Krishna, Bhima and Arjuna had left. Just then
the well known sound of Panchajanya, Krishna’s conch, was heard
and it was soon followed by a golden chariot with flying colours. The
trio descended amid loud acclamations. All rejoiced at the death of
Jarasandha. Yudhishtira was now the undisputed overlord and could
proceed with the Rajasuya.
Elaborate preparations were made for the famous Rajasuya.
Vast pandals were erected and decorated. Invitations were sent to all
the fiftysix kings and sages like Vasishta, Viswamitra, Bharadwaja,
Goutama, Parasurama, Bhishma, Drona and all the Kauravas.
Brahmanas, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras assembled in thousands
to witness this crown of all yagnas and receive the blessings. The
Yagna vedi was ploughed with a golden plough. Yudhishtira was
dully initiated with the queens. Ladies ranged around and the devas,
gandharvas and yakshas were present with all their paraphernalia.
The guests were all duly seated and to the accompaniment of Vedic
mantras the purohits bathed Yudhihstira with the consecrated water
and gave him the soma juice. And now the lord of the yagna had to
be selected from among the assembled guests. Now who was to be
selected? Who was the most eligible guest?.
Sahadeva the Pandava stood up boldly and asserted, “Lord
Krishna is the noblest and greatest. From him all things emanate and
unto him they all return. He grants all boons to devotees. He alone is
fit to preside.”
So, saying he sat down in hushed silence. Yudhishtira was
extremely pleased and with great adoration presented costly garments
to Sree Krishna. He washed Krishna’s feet with holy water and
sprinkled himself and Panchali with that sacred theertha-holy waterand
conducted the lord to the throne. The devas showered heavenly
flowers on Sree Krishna from above. Tears of happiness rolled down
Yudhishtira’s cheeks. The vast assembly shouted, “Hail! Hail!
Bhagawan Krishna!”
On hearing this universal acclaim, Sisupala was unable to
control his anger. He stood up and shouted, waving his hands wildly.
“Stop! Stop this atrocity. It is indeed strange that time should bring
about such change that even wise men and elders listen to the prattle
of fools. Is there any lack of sages here? Bhishma, Drona, are here.
Are they not good enough to preside? And Vyasa and these venerable
sanyasins are present. It is a sin to overlook them and choose a
mere cowherd. What a shame! Fie On your choice, I protest. He is
a renegade, a breaker of all the laws of caste and rules of dharma.
He is a law breaker devoid of any merit, a drunkard banished from
the mainland and a fugitive in a barren island.” Hearing this unending
abuse of Sree Krishna, some good persons in the assembly rose and
left closing their ears. Sahadeva became furious and drew his sword.
Sisupala’s partisans also rose, grabbing their weapons. Sisupala himself
grabbed a sword and buckler and jumped into the ring. Krishna
who knew the antecedents of Sisupala – he was a parshada at Vaikunta
– threw the discus and severed his head. Then a wonder occurred.
A shining star slowly rose from Sisupala’s body, floated through the
air and entered Krishna.
After the above interruption, the yagna proceeded in great
style. Since Vishnu – Sree Hari or Krishna - himself was the presiding
deity, all the minor gods like Agni, Varuna and Indra were personally
present to receive their oblations. Vedic hymns sung by learned
pandits reverberated from the vast halls. Kings from distant lands
had come with rich tributes to attend the Rajasuya conducted by
Yudhishtira, king of kings. The vast multitude was sumptuously feasted
and feted. Bhima was in charge of the kitchen while Draupadi supervised
the serving and Sahadeva who was well versed in the sastras
was in charge of supplying the materials for the worship. Arjuna and
Nakula were at the reception counter and doing general supervision.
Duryodhana was given the all-important portfolio of finance and Karna
had the charge of distributing alms, gifts and dakshina to priests. With
Draupadi on one side Krishna on the other and his heroic brothers
around, Yudhishtira felt so thankful that tears of happiness rolled down
his cheeks. He shone like Indra in heaven in his assembly of gods
and rishis. Duryodhana did not like all this prestige and glory accruing
to his elder cousin Yudhishtira. It should have come to him. There
was a blend of asura and kali in his blood. He fretted and fumed with
jealousy though the whole world rejoiced. Before returning to his
own capital he wanted to visit the famous hall of illusion built by Maya
the architect of asuras. He went there with a scowl distorting his
handsome face accompanied by his brothers. Seeing a pond, he tucked
up his clothes only to realize that it was hard glass floor. Later he
stepped on carefully across a seemingly hard marble floor and found
himself floundering in a pond. From the gallery above women tittered
and lady Draupadi audibly said, “A blind man’s son is blindly floundering!”
Swearing vengeance, Duryodhana stormed out. Though
Yudhishtira and his brothers profusely apologized, Duryodhana would
not be pacified. He departed to his capital Hastinapura determined to
avenge this insult. Krishna, watching all this from afar, smiled. The
seeds of the Mahabarata war had been sown!.
Elimination of Salva and Dandavakra
Krishna and the yadava chiefs had to prolong their visit at
Indraprastha at the earnest and almost tearful request of Yudhishtira,
the Pandavas and the queen mother Kunthidevi. In the end, Krishna
could delay no longer. There were ominous signs of calamities from
a beleaguered Dwaraka. Salva the powerful king of Saubha took
advantage of Krishna’s absence and invaded Dwaraka devastating
the countryside. He was the friend of Sisupala. He had tried to assist
him at the time of Rukmini’s marriage and had been soundly trounced
in the battle. Burning with vengeance he prayed and performed penance
to please Sree Siva and when the Lord appeared, requested him
to give him an invincible weapon. The lord gave him a flying fort
made of iron. Seated in it Salva rained poisonous darts, serpents or
sharp stones at the defenceless citizens of Dwaraka. Sometimes he
let the iron fort settle down on the fleeing citizens, crushing them at
one stretch.
Balarama the defender of the city was not at Dwaraka. In a
fit of anger he had killed an upstart and to atone for the sin had gone
on a pilgrimage to the south. Pradyumna, Samba, Gada and other
stalwarts were trying their best to defend the city without much success
against the magic of Salwa. At this juncture Krishna arrived
and launched the discus, which destroyed all the magic and severed
Salva’s head also. Close on this there appeared a huge giant named
Dandavakra wielding a terrible mace. He was a friend of Sisupala,
and like him another dwarapalaka- sentinel who was also cursed by
the Sanat Kumaras –of Vaikunda. He too worked havoc until the
discus eliminated him also, Peace and quiet once more reigned in
Dwaraka.